Te Aratohu Tino Pai mō te Whakarite i tētahi Kāmera

I te ao hou, kua tino rongonui ngā kāmera matihiko me ngā hangarau hou i te awhe utu iti rawa. Ko tētahi o ngā mea nui i muri i te whakaurunga mai o ngā hangarau hou ko ngā pūoko whakaahua CMOS. He iti ake te utu hanga o te waeine kāmera CMOS i ērā atu. Nā ngā āhuatanga hou kua whakaurua mai ki roto i ngā kāmera hou me ngā pūoko Cmos, he mea nui te tango pikitia mārama rawa.Ko te kaihanga o te waeine kāmera matuakua tae mai me tētahi kāmera kua whakauruhia, he nui ake te mahi me te tere hopu whakaahua. Ka whakarite ngā pūoko CMOS kia pānuihia te ara iahiko mā te āhuatanga whakaahua-tairongo. I rerekē hoki te hoahoa pika i ēnei rā, ā, i āwhina ki te hopu whakaahua i roto i te awhe kounga pai rawa atu. Ka hurihia e ngā pūoko whakaahua whakarewa-waikura-haurua-whakahaere te mārama hei irahiko, nō reira i roto i ngā taputapu hou, kua whakaurua te kōwae kāmera USB mō ōna āhuatanga teitei.

He aha te Wāhanga Kāmera?

Ko te Kāmera Pūrua, ko te Kāmera Iti rānei, he pūoko whakaahua kounga teitei kua whakauruhia ki te Wāhanga Whakahaere Hiko, te arotahi, te tukatuka tohu mamati, me te Atanga pēnei i te USB, CSI rānei. Kua whānuitia te whakamahinga o te Kāmera Pūrua puta noa i ngā tono maha, tae atu ki:

• Arotakenga ahumahi
• Te Waka me te Haumarutanga
• Hokohoko me te Pūtea
• Kāinga me te Whakangahau
• Hauora me te Kai Totika

Nā te whanaketanga o te hangarau me ngā ratonga ipurangi, kua tino pai ake te tere o te whatunga, ā, kua honoa mai hoki ki te whakaurunga mai o ngā taputapu whakaahua hou. Kua whānuitia te whakamahinga o te Kāmera i roto i ngā Waea Atamai, Papaaho, Rorohiko, Rōpoti, Tarakona, taputapu hauora, taputapu hiko, me te tini ke atu. Nā te puāwaitanga o te hangarau whakaahua kua whakatakoto huarahi mō te whakaurunga mai o te 5 Megapixels, 8 Megapixels, 13 Megapixels, 20 Megapixel, 24 Megapixel me ētahi atu.

Kei roto i te wae kāmera ngā wāhanga e whai ake nei pēnei i te

• Pūoko whakaahua
• Arotahi
• Te Tukatuka Tohu Mamati
• Tātari infrared
• Ara iahiko tānga ngāwari, papa ara iahiko tānga rānei
• Hononga

Arotahi:

Ko te arotahi te wāhanga nui o tētahi kāmera, ā, he mea nui tana mahi ki te kounga o te mārama e pā ana ki te pūoko whakaahua, ā, mā reira ka whakatau i te kounga o te whakaahua putanga. He pūtaiao te whiriwhiri i te arotahi tika mō tō tono, ā, kia tika ake, he mea nui ake ki ngā tirohanga whatu. He maha ngā tawhā mai i te tirohanga whatu hei whakaaro mō te whiriwhiri i te arotahi kia tutuki ai ngā whakaritenga tono, e pā ana ki te kōwhiringa o te arotahi, pērā i te hanganga arotahi, te hanganga o te arotahi ahakoa he kirihou, he karaihe rānei te arotahi, te roa arotahi whai hua, te F.No, te Mara Tirohanga, te Hōhonutanga o te Mara, te hē o te pouaka whakaata, te Rama Whakawhanaunga, te MTF me ētahi atu.

Pūoko Whakaahua

He pūoko te pūoko whakaahua e kitea ana, e tukuna ana hoki ngā mōhiohio e whakamahia ana hei hanga i tētahi whakaahua. Ko te pūoko te mea nui ki teWāhanga Kāmerahei whakatau i te kounga o te ahua. Ahakoa he kāmera Waea Atamai, he kāmera mamati rānei, he mea nui te mahi a ngā Pūoko. I tēnei wā, he rongonui ake te pūoko CMOS, ā, he iti ake te utu hanga i te pūoko CCD.

Momo pūoko - CCD me CMOS

Pūoko CCD – Ko ngā painga o te CCD he tino aro, he iti te haruru, me te ōwehenga tohu-ki-haruru nui. Engari he uaua te tukanga whakaputa, he nui te utu me te whakapaunga hiko. Pūoko CMOS – Ko te painga o te CMOS ko tōna whakaurunga teitei (te whakauru i te AADC me te tukatuka tohu, ka taea te whakaiti nui i te rahi iti), he iti te whakapaunga hiko me te iti o te utu. Engari he nui te haruru, he iti te aro me te nui o ngā whakaritenga mō te pūtake mārama.

DSP:

Ka arotauhia hoki ngā tawhā tohu whakaahua mamati mā te awhina o tētahi raupapa o ngā rauropi pāngarau uaua. Ko te mea nui, ka tukuna ngā tohu ki te rokiroki, ka taea rānei te tuku ki ngā wāhanga whakaaturanga.

Kei roto i te anga hanganga DSP

• ISP
• Kaiwhakamāori JPEG
• Kaiwhakahaere pūrere USB

Te rerekētanga i waenga i te kōwae kāmera USB me te kōwae kāmera pūoko/kōwae kāmera CMOS Kōwae Kāmera USB 2.0:

Ka hono tika te waeine kāmera me te waeine hopu ataata ki te waeine kāmera USB 2.0, kātahi ka hono atu ki te PŪNAHA MANAAKI mā te atanga USB. Ināianei, ko te waeine kāmera mamati i runga i te mākete KAMERA kei runga i te atanga tuku raraunga USB2.0 hou. Ka hono tika te rorohiko me ētahi atu taputapu pūkoro mā te atanga USB, mono noa, ka purei. Ka hototahi ēnei waeine kāmera UVC USB2.0 ki ngā pūmanawa Windows (DirectShow) me Linux (V4L2) ā, kāore e hiahiatia he taraiwa.

• Paerewa Akomanga Ataata USB (UVC)
• Ko te tere tuku mōrahi o te USB2.0 he 480Mbps (arā, 60MB/s)
• He māmā, he iti hoki te utu
• Monohia, ka tākarohia
• Te hototahi teitei me te pumau
• Te whānuitanga hihiri teitei ake

I muri i te tukatuka e te pūmanawa i runga i te pūnaha whakahaere paerewa e hototahi ana ki ngā paerewa UVC, ka tukuna te tohu mamati ki te whakaaturanga.

Wāhanga Kāmera USB 3.0:

Ki te whakataurite ki te wae kāmera USB 2.0, ka taea e te kāmera USB 3.0 te tuku tere ake, ā, he hototahi katoa te USB 3.0 ki te atanga USB2.0.

• Ko te whānui o te tuku raraunga mōrahi o te USB3.0 e tae atu ana ki te 5.0Gbps (640MB/s)
• Whakatairite ki te whakamāramatanga o ngā pine 9 ki te USB2.0 4 pine
• He hototahi katoa ki te USB 2.0
• Hononga Tere Nui

Wāhanga Kāmera Cmos (CCM)

Ko te CCM, ko te Coms Camera Module rānei, e kiia ana ko te Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor Camera Module, ā, he mea whai hua tōna taputapu matua mō ngā momo mahi pēnei i ngā taputapu kāmera kawe. Ki te whakatauritea ki ngā pūnaha kāmera tuku iho, he maha ngā āhuatanga o te CCM, tae atu ki:

• Whakaiti
• He iti te whakamahinga hiko
• Whakaahua teitei
• Utu iti

Te kaupapa mahi o te kōwae kāmera USB

Ko te ahua whatu i hangaia e te tirohanga mā te arotahi (LENS) ka whakaaturia ki te mata o te pūoko ahua (SENSOR), kātahi ka hurihia hei tohu hiko, ka hurihia hei tohu ahua mamati i muri i te huringa A/D (Analog/Mamati). Ka tukuna ki te maramara tukatuka mamati (DSP) hei tukatuka, kātahi ka tukuna ki te rorohiko mā te atanga I/O hei tukatuka, kātahi ka kitea te ahua mā te whakaaturanga (DISPLAY).

Me pēhea te whakamātautau i ngā kāmera USB me te CCM (kōwae kāmera CMOS)? Kāmera USB: (hei tauira, te pūmanawa Amcap)

Hipanga 1: Honoa te kāmera ki tētahi kāmera USB.

Hipanga 2: Honoa te taura USB ki te PC, ki te waea pūkoro rānei mā te urutau OTG.

Amcap:

Whakatuwheratia te AMCap meTīpakohia tō wae kāmera:

Kōwhiria te taumira i te Kōwhiringa>> Pin Hopu Ataata

Whakatikatikahia ngā āhuatanga o te kāmera pēnei i te Kanapa, te Whakaiti. Te Taurite Mā.. kei runga i te Kōwhiringa>> Tātari Hopu Ataata

Mā Amcap koe e āhei ai ki te hopu i te whakaahua me te ataata.

CCM:

He uaua ake te CCM nā te mea ko te atanga he MIPI, he DVP rānei, ā, kua wehea te DSP me te kōwae. He mea noa te whakamahi i te papa urutau Dothinkey me te papa-tamahine hei whakamātautau i roto i te whakaputanga:

Papa urutau Dothinkey:

honoa te wae kāmera ki te papa tamahine (pikitia-2).

Whakatuwheratia te pūmanawa whakamātautau

Te tirohanga tukanga kua whakaritea mō te kōwae kāmera

Ahakoa ngā rau mano o ngā tono mō ngā waeine kāmera, kāore e taea e ngā waeine kāmera OEM paerewa te whakatutuki i ia whakaritenga motuhake, nō reira me haere tahi te tukanga whakaritenga me te hiahia me te rongonui, me te whakarerekētanga taputapu me te pūmanawa, tae atu ki te rahi o te waeine, te koki tirohanga arotahi, te momo arotahi aunoa/pūmau me te tātari arotahi, hei whakamana i te auahatanga.

Ko te hangarau kore-auau e kapi katoa ana i te rangahau, te whanaketanga, te hoahoa mō te whakaputa i tētahi hua hou; kei roto hoki i tēnei ko ngā utu o mua. Ko te mea nui, ko te NRE he utu kotahi e hono ana ki te hoahoa, te hanga i tētahi hoahoa hou, i ngā taputapu rānei. Kei roto hoki i tēnei ko ngā mea rerekē mō tētahi tukanga hou. Mena ka whakaae te kaihoko ki te NRE, ka tukuna e te kaiwhakarato te tuhi hei whakaū i muri i te utu.

Rere whakaritenga ritenga

1. Ka taea e koe te whakarato i ngā tuhi, i ngā tauira rānei, me te tono tuhinga hoki, ā, ka whakawhanakehia e ā mātou kaimahi hangarau.
2. Whakawhitiwhiti kōrero
3. Ka whakapā atu mātou ki a koe kia mōhio ai koe ki te hua e hiahiatia ana e koe, ā, ka ngana mātou ki te whiriwhiri i te hua e tika ana mōu.
4. Te Whakawhanake Tauira
5. Whakatauhia ngā taipitopito o te tauira whanaketanga me te wā tuku. Whakawhitiwhiti kōrero i ngā wā katoa kia pai ai te haere whakamua.
6. Whakamātautau Tauira
7. Whakamātautau me te pakeke o tō tono, ngā hua whakamātautau urupare, kāore he take ki te whakarerekē, te whakaputa papatipu.

Ngā pātai me pātai atu koe i mua i te whakarite i tētahi kōwae kāmeraHe aha ngā whakaritenga?

Te kōwae kāmera USBMe whai i ēnei whakaritenga. Koinei ngā wāhanga tino nui e tāpiri ana i te māramatanga o te whakaahua me te kaupapa mahi pai. Kua tohua pai ngā wāhanga mā te hono atu mā te ara iahiko whakauru CMOS me te CCD. Me mahi kia rite ki ngā hiahia o te kaiwhakamahi, ā, me mahi hei kōwhiringa kāmera ngāwari-whakamahi. Ka hono atu ki ngā mea maha e tāpiri ana i te otinga tino pai mō ngā hiahia o te kāmera mō te hononga USB.

• Arotahi
• pūoko
• DSP
• PCB

He aha te taumira e hiahiatia ana e koe mai i tētahi Kāmera USB?

Ko te taumira he tawhā e whakamahia ana hei ine i te nui o ngā raraunga i roto i tētahi whakaahua bitmap, e whakaatuhia ana hei dpi (ira ira ia inihi). I roto i ngā kupu māmā, ko te taumira o te kāmera e pā ana ki te kaha o te kāmera ki te tātari i te whakaahua, arā, te maha o ngā pika o te pūoko whakaahua o te kāmera. Ko te taumira teitei rawa ko te rahi o te kaha o te kāmera ki te whakatau i ngā whakaahua i te teitei rawa, te maha o ngā pika teitei rawa i roto i te kāmera. Ko te taumira CMOS pika 30W o nāianei ko 640×480, ā, ko te taumira o te CMOS pika-50W ko 800×600. Ko ngā tau e rua o te taumira e tohu ana i ngā waeine o te maha o ngā pūwāhi i roto i te roa me te whānui o tētahi pikitia. Ko te ōwehenga āhua o tētahi pikitia matihiko ko te 4:3 te nuinga.

I roto i ngā mahi whaihua, ki te whakamahia te kāmera mō te kōrerorero tukutuku, mō te hui ataata rānei, ka nui ake te taumira, ka nui ake te whānui o te whatunga e hiahiatia ana. Nō reira, me aro nui ngā kaihoko ki tēnei āhuatanga, me whiriwhiri i tētahi pika e tika ana mō ā rātou ake hua e ai ki ō rātou hiahia.

Te koki tirohanga āpure (FOV)?

Ko te koki FOV e pā ana ki te whānuitanga ka taea e te arotahi te hipoki. (Kāore te mea e hipokina e te arotahi ina neke atu i tēnei koki.) Ka taea e te arotahi kāmera te hipoki i te whānuitanga o ngā tirohanga, e whakaatuhia ana e te koki. Ka kiia tēnei koki ko te arotahi FOV. Ko te horahanga e hipokina ana e te kaupapa mā roto i te arotahi i runga i te papa arotahi hei hanga i tētahi ahua e kitea ana ko te mara tirohanga o te arotahi. Me whakatau te FOV e te taiao tono. Ko te nui ake o te koki arotahi, ko te whānui ake o te mara tirohanga, me te ritenga kē.

Te Ahu o te Kāmera mō tō tono

Ko ngā tawhā matua kua tatauhia me te kōwae kāmera ko te rahi, e tino rerekē ana mō ngā whakaritenga rerekē.

kei runga i te rahi me te whakatakotoranga whatu. He tirohanga whānui me te roa arotahi kei roto hei uru atu mā te tatau i te rahi o te mea. Kei roto ko te roa arotahi whakamuri, ā, kei roto hoki he karāhe arotahi tino tika mō te whakatakotoranga. Me uru te rahi whatu o te karāhe arotahi ki tō tono, ā, me whakawhirinaki ki te mea noa. Ka rerekē te whānui i runga i ngā pūoko nui ake me ngā taputapu me ngā taupoki karāhe arotahi. Kei runga i te āhua o te vignetting, te pōuri rānei i te kokonga o ngā whakaahua.

Me ngā rau mano o ngā tono mō ngā waeine kāmera, ko ngā rahinga mō ngā waeine te mea tino rerekē. Kei ā mātou kaihangarau te mana ki te whakawhanake i ngā rahinga tika e pai ana mō tō kaupapa.

Te EAU o ngā hua

Ko te utu o te hua ka whakawhirinaki ki ngā whakaritenga. Kāore te kāmera USB me te EAU iti e tūtohutia ana hei kāmera ritenga. Me te tono tonu me ngā whakaritenga whakawhaiaro pēnei i te karāhe, te rahi, te pūoko, ko te kōwae kāmera ritenga te kōwhiringa pai rawa atu māu.

Te whiriwhiri i te wae kāmera tika

Ko te tikanga, ko te nuinga o ngā kaihoko ka aro kite wae kāmera matauE kore rawa e mōhiotia te momo karāhe e hiahiatia ana hei whakamahi i konei. He nui ngā ariā kua whakamahia hei whakamōhio i te iwi ki te whiriwhiri i te karāhe tino tika, me te kōwae kāmera tino tika. Ko te karāhe ka whiriwhiria e koe ka whakawhirinaki katoa ki te tukanga ka whakamahia e koe. Nā te rerekētanga o ngā otinga o te pūoko me te DSP, me te karāhe, he rerekē ngā karāhe, ā, he tino rerekē hoki ngā pānga whakaahua o te kōwae kāmera. Ka taea te whakamahi i ētahi kāmera i roto i ngā tono rerekē, engari ko ētahi ka taea anake te whakamahi i roto i ētahi tono motuhake hei tiki i ngā hua whakaahua pai rawa atu. Ka taea e ētahi kāmera taumata-whetu te hopu whakaahua i ngā taiao iti te mārama, engari he utu nui.

Ngā pānga whai hua:

Mena kua tāutahia te kāmera ki roto i tō tari, i tō rūma moe iti rānei, ko te roa arotahi 2.8mm anake ka ranea i taua wā. Mena kei te hiahia koe ki te tāuta i te kāmera ki roto i tō kāinga, me whakarite kia 4mm ki te 6mm te roa arotahi. Ka whakanuia te roa arotahi nā te mea he nui ake te wāhi. Me whakamahi i te 8mm, 12mm rānei te roa arotahi, kātahi ka taea te whakamahi i roto i tō wheketere, i tō tiriti rānei nā te mea he nui rawa te wāhi.

Ina hiahia koe ki te whiriwhiri i te waeine kāmera mō te mārama NIR, ko te urupare ā-ira o te waeine kāmera ka tino tautuhia e te rauemi arotahi, e te rauemi pūoko rānei. Ka hangaia ngā pūoko ki te silicon, ā, ka whakaatu i te urupare whai hua ki te mārama NIR i roto i te huarahi tino whakamiharo. Ki te whakatauritea ki te mārama kitea, ki te 850nm rānei, ka tino iti ake te aro mō te 940nm. Ahakoa ka whiwhi tonu koe i tēnei, ka taea e koe te tiki i te ahua me te tino whai hua. Ko te ariā tino nui o tēnei tukanga ko te hanga i te mārama e ranea ana mō te kāmera hei rapunga. E kore koe e tino mōhio āhea ka taea te whakaoho i te kāmera, ā, ka tino rerekē te wā ka taea te hopu i te tohu. Nō reira, i taua wā, ka tukuna te tohu ki tētahi taumata motuhake, ā, ka taea e te tangata te whiriwhiri i te waeine kāmera tika.

Whakamutunga

Mai i te kōrero i runga ake nei, he mahi whānui tā te waeine kāmera USB, ā, ka huihuia ki tētahi waeine whakanui aunoa. Kei roto i te arotahi pūmau o te waeine kāmera USB he karāhe, he turanga whakaata, he ara iahiko whakauru whakaahua-tairongo, me ērā atu mea. Me kimi e ngā kaiwhakamahi te rerekētanga i waenga i ngā waeine kāmera USB me MIPI.

A kōwae kāmera kua whakariteaHe pai ake mō te whakawhanake i ngā tono hou. Nā te mea ka taea te hanga i te waeine kāmera kua whakaritea kia rite ki ngā whakaritenga kua tohua. Mai i te ia whanaketanga o te kāmera ka taea e tātou te ako: Tuatahi, ko te kāmera pika teitei ake (13 miriona, 16 miriona), he pūoko whakaahua kounga teitei (CMOS), he tere tuku tere (USB2.0, USB3.0, me ētahi atu atanga tere) ka waiho hei ia o te heke mai; Tuarua, ko te whakaritenga me te motuhaketanga (ka whakamahia noa hei taputapu whakauru ataata ngaio), he maha ngā mahi (me ētahi atu mahi, pēnei i te puku kohiko e haere tahi ana, te ia ki ngā kāmera mamati, ka taea hoki te whakaaro ka taea e te kāmera te mahi hei matawai a muri ake nei), me ētahi atu. Tuatoru, he mea nui te wheako kaiwhakamahi, he ngāwari ake te whakamahi, he māmā ake te whakamahi, ā, he whai hua ake ngā mahi tono ko ngā hiahia tūturu o ngā kiritaki.