Kamera ya MIPI vs Kamera ya USB
M'zaka zingapo zapitazi, embedded vision yasintha kuchoka pa mawu olankhulidwa kwambiri kupita ku ukadaulo wogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo a mafakitale, azachipatala, ogulitsa, zosangalatsa, ndi ulimi. Pa gawo lililonse la kusintha kwake, embedded vision yatsimikizira kukula kwakukulu kwa chiwerengero cha makamera omwe alipo oti musankhe. Komabe, ngakhale kuti ukadaulo wapita patsogolo, MIPI ndi USB interfaces akhalabe mitundu iwiri yotchuka kwambiri pa mapulogalamu ambiri a embedded vision.
Chiyankhulo cha MIPI
MIPI (Mobile Industry Processor Interface) ndi muyezo wotseguka komanso mfundo zomwe zinayambitsidwa ndi MIPI Alliance za ma processor a mapulogalamu a pafoni.Ma module a kamera ya MIPIamapezeka kwambiri m'mafoni ndi mapiritsi, ndipo amathandizira ma resolution apamwamba opitilira ma pixel 5 miliyoni. MIPI imagawidwa m'magulu a MIPI DSI ndi MIPI CSI, omwe amagwirizana ndi miyezo yowonetsera makanema ndi makanema, motsatana. Pakadali pano, ma module a makamera a MIPI amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazinthu zina zophatikizidwa, monga mafoni a m'manja, zojambulira magalimoto, makamera okakamiza apolisi, makamera ang'onoang'ono apamwamba, ndi makamera owonera maukonde.
MIPI Display Serial Interface (MIPI DSI ®) imatanthauzira mawonekedwe othamanga kwambiri pakati pa purosesa ya host ndi gawo lowonetsera. Mawonekedwewa amalola opanga kuphatikiza zowonetsera kuti zigwire bwino ntchito, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa, komanso kusokoneza kwamagetsi pang'ono (EMI), pomwe amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa ma pin ndikusunga mgwirizano pakati pa ogulitsa osiyanasiyana. Opanga amatha kugwiritsa ntchito MIPI DSI kuti apereke mawonekedwe okongola amitundu pazithunzi ndi makanema ovuta kwambiri komanso kuthandizira kutumiza zinthu za stereoscopic.
MIPI ndi njira yolumikizirana yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamsika wamakono potumiza zithunzi ndi makanema pakati pa makamera ndi zida zolandirira. Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta kwa MIPI komanso kuthekera kwake kuthandizira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mapulogalamu apamwamba. Imabweranso ndi zinthu zamphamvu monga 1080p, 4K, 8K ndi zina zotero pamavidiyo ndi zithunzi zapamwamba.
Mawonekedwe a MIPI ndi chisankho chabwino kwambiri pa mapulogalamu monga zida zenizeni zokhazikika pamutu, mapulogalamu anzeru oyendera pamsewu, machitidwe ozindikira manja, ma drones, kuzindikira nkhope, chitetezo, machitidwe owunikira, ndi zina zotero.
Chiyankhulo cha MIPI CSI-2
Muyezo wa MIPI CSI-2 (MIPI Camera Serial Interface 2nd Generation) ndi wothandiza kwambiri, wotsika mtengo, komanso wosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. MIPI CSI-2 imapereka bandwidth yayikulu ya 10 Gb/s yokhala ndi njira zinayi zazithunzi - njira iliyonse imatha kusamutsa deta mpaka 2.5 Gb/s. MIPI CSI-2 ndi yachangu kuposa USB 3.0 ndipo ili ndi njira yodalirika yogwiritsira ntchito makanema kuyambira 1080p mpaka 8K ndi kupitirira apo. Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa cha mtengo wake wotsika, MIPI CSI-2 ili ndi bandwidth yayikulu yazithunzi.
Ma interface a MIPI CSI-2 amagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zochepa kuchokera ku CPU - chifukwa cha ma processor ake a multi-core. Ndi mawonekedwe a kamera okhazikika a Raspberry Pi ndi Jetson Nano. Ma module a kamera ya Raspberry Pi V1 ndi V2 amachokeranso pamenepo.
Zofooka za MIPI CSI-2 Interface
Ngakhale kuti ndi mawonekedwe amphamvu komanso otchuka, MIPI CSI imabwera ndi zoletsa zingapo. Mwachitsanzo, makamera a MIPI amadalira madalaivala owonjezera kuti agwire ntchito. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pali chithandizo chochepa cha masensa osiyanasiyana azithunzi pokhapokha ngati opanga makina ophatikizidwa akulimbikira!
Ubwino wa MIPI:
Ma interface a MIPI ali ndi mizere yochepa ya ma signal kuposa ma interface a DVP. Chifukwa ndi chizindikiro chosiyana cha voltage yochepa, kusokoneza komwe kumachitika ndi kochepa, ndipo mphamvu yoletsa kusokoneza ndi yamphamvu. 800W komanso koposa zonse amagwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a MIPI. Ma interface a kamera ya foni yam'manja amagwiritsa ntchito MIPI.
Kodi imagwira ntchito bwanji?
Kawirikawiri, bolodi lokhala ndi ma ultra-compact mu dongosolo la masomphenya limathandizira MIPI CSI-2 ndipo limagwira ntchito ndi ma sensa osiyanasiyana anzeru. Komanso, limagwirizana ndi ma CPU board osiyanasiyana.
MIPI CSI-2 imathandizira gawo la MIPI D-PHY kuti lilumikizane ndi purosesa ya pulogalamu kapena System pa Chip (SoC). Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa gawo lililonse mwa magawo awiri a thupi: MIPI C-PHY℠ v2.0 kapena MIPI D-PHY℠ v2.5. Chifukwa chake, magwiridwe ake amatha kukulitsidwa.
Mu kamera ya MIPI, sensa ya kamera imagwira ndikutumiza chithunzi kwa wolandila wa CSI-2. Chithunzicho chikatumizidwa, chimayikidwa mu memori ngati mafelemu osiyanasiyana. Furemu iliyonse imatumizidwa kudzera mu njira zenizeni. Kenako njira iliyonse imagawidwa m'mizere - imatumizidwa kamodzi ndi kamodzi. Chifukwa chake, imalola kutumiza chithunzi chonse kuchokera ku sensa yachithunzi yomweyo - koma ndi mitsinje yambiri ya ma pixel.
MIPI CSI-2 imagwiritsa ntchito mapaketi olumikizirana omwe amaphatikizapo mawonekedwe a data ndi magwiridwe antchito a error correction code (ECC). Paketi imodzi imadutsa mu D-PHY layer kenako imagawika m'njira zingapo zofunika. D-PHY imagwira ntchito mwachangu kwambiri ndipo imatumiza paketiyo kwa wolandila kudzera mu njira.
Kenako, cholandirira cha CSI-2 chimapatsidwa gawo la D-PHY kuti chichotse ndikuchotsa paketi. Njirayi imabwerezedwanso chimango ndi chimango kuchokera ku chipangizo cha CSI-2 kupita ku host kudzera mu kukhazikitsa kogwira mtima komanso kotsika mtengo.
Chiyankhulo cha USB
TheMawonekedwe a USBImakhala ngati malo olumikizirana pakati pa makina awiri - kamera ndi PC. Popeza imadziwika bwino ndi kuthekera kwake kolumikizira ndi kusewera, kusankha mawonekedwe a USB kumatanthauza kuti mutha kunena kuti nthawi yopangira yokwera mtengo komanso yotsika mtengo komanso ndalama zogulira mawonekedwe anu owonera omwe ali mkati. USB 2.0, mtundu wakale, uli ndi zofooka zazikulu zaukadaulo. Pamene ukadaulo ukuyamba kuchepa, zigawo zake zingapo zimakhala zosagwirizana. Ma interface a USB 3.0 ndi USB 3.1 Gen 1 adayambitsidwa kuti athetse zofooka za mawonekedwe a USB 2.0.
Ma interface a USB 3.0 (ndi USB 3.1 Gen 1) amaphatikiza zabwino za ma interface osiyanasiyana. Izi zikuphatikizapo kugwirizanitsa ndi plug-and-play komanso CPU yochepa. Muyezo wamakampani wa USB 3.0 umawonjezeranso kudalirika kwake pamakamera okhala ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba komanso othamanga kwambiri.
Imafuna zida zochepa zowonjezera ndipo imathandizira bandwidth yotsika - mpaka ma megabyte 40 pa sekondi. Ili ndi bandwidth yokwanira ma megabyte 480 pa sekondi. Izi ndi zothamanga kwambiri nthawi 10 kuposa USB 2.0 ndipo nthawi 4 kuposa GigE! Mphamvu zake zolumikizira ndi kusewera zimatsimikizira kuti zida zowonera zomwe zili mkati zimatha kusinthidwa mosavuta - zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kusintha kamera yowonongeka.
Zofooka za USB 3.0 Interface
Choyipa chachikulu chaUSB 3.0Chomwe chimapangitsa kuti ma interface agwire ntchito ndi chakuti simungathe kuyendetsa masensa amphamvu kwambiri pa liwiro lalikulu. Vuto lina ndilakuti mungagwiritse ntchito chingwe chotalika mamita 5 kuchokera ku purosesa ya host. Ngakhale kuti pali zingwe zazitali, zonse zili ndi "zowonjezera". Kugwira ntchito bwino kwa zingwezi pamodzi ndi makamera a mafakitale kuyenera kufufuzidwa pa chilichonse.
Nthawi yotumizira: Mar-22-2023
